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SWI/SNF complexes facilitate gene activation and transcription factor binding by altering repressive chromatin structures in an ATP-dependent manner. In mammals, SWI/SNF complexes are present in mutliple forms that include 9-12 BRG1-associated factors (BAFs) per complex. These BAF proteins range in molecular weight from 47 to 250kDa. BAF47/SNF5 (SMARCB1/Ini1) complexes with BRG1- and BRM-containing SWI/SNF complexes. BAF47/SNF5 mRNA is widely expressed in cell lines and tissues, and BAF47/SNF5 gene is mutated in many human tumors. The latter is indicative of a tumor suppressor role for BAF47/SNF5. In addition, mice deficient for BAF47 die early in embryogenesis, while BAF47/SNF5 heterozygous mice display a variety of tumors in the soft tissues of the head and neck. BAF47/SNF5 also binds the HIV-1 integrase and stimulates integrase-mediated DNA joining activity. Thus, BAF47/SNF5 is a component of SWI/SNF complexes that may be critical for normal development and tumor suppression, but may also be a protein utilized for viral DNA integration into host DNA.Western Blotting
