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The Human Interleukin-33 (Hu IL-33) ELISA quantitates Hu IL-33 in human serum, plasma, buffered solution, or cell culture medium. The assay will exclusively recognize both natural and recombinant Hu IL-33. Principle of the method The Human IL-33 solid-phase sandwich ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is designed to measure the amount of the target bound between a matched antibody pair. A target-specific antibody has been pre-coated in the wells of the supplied microplate. Samples, standards, or controls are then added into these wells and bind to the immobilized (capture) antibody. The sandwich is formed by the addition of the second (detector) antibody, a substrate solution is added that reacts with the enzyme-antibody-target complex to produce measurable signal. The intensity of this signal is directly proportional to the concentration of target present in the original specimen. Rigorous validation Each manufactured lot of this ELISA kit is quality tested for criteria such as sensitivity, specificity, precision, and lot-to-lot consistency. See manual for more information on validation.IL-33 (Interleukin-33) is a 270 amino acid, highly divergent protein belonging to the IL-1 family with an IL-1-like C-terminal domain. IL-33 is a dual function protein that may function both as a proinflammatory cytokine and an intracellular nuclear factor with transcriptional regulatory properties. IL-33 binds to and signals through IL1RL1/ST2 and its stimulation recruits MYD88, IRAK1, IRAK4, and TRAF6. IL-33 activates NF-kappaB and MAP kinases, and drives production of TH2-associated cytokines from in vitro polarized TH2 cells. In vivo, IL-33 induces the expression of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 and leads to severe pathological changes in mucosal organs. IL-33 is proteolytically converted to a mature form by CASP1 and is highly expressed in high endothelial venules found in tonsils, Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes and is almost undetectable in placenta. Prolonged IL-33 treatment of mice led to the development of eosinophilia, splenomegaly, and severe pathological changes in mucosal organs such as lungs, esophagus and small intestine. Recent experiments have shown that IL-33 can also co-localize with heterochromatin and possesses transcriptional repressor activities, indicating that IL-33 may function as both a proinflammatory cytokine and an intracellular nuclear factor with transcriptional regulatory properties. Despite its predicted molecular weight, IL-33 will often run at higher molecular weight in SDS-PAGE. Studies have shown that IL-33 can also co-localize with heterochromatin and possesses transcriptional repressor activities, indicating that IL-33 may function as both a proinflammatory cytokine, and an intracellular nuclear factor with transcriptional regulatory properties.
