TNF-α, Human, Recombinant Protein, E. coli, Each

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Recombinant, human tumor necrosis factor-α expressed in E. coli. A cytokine produced primarily by activated macrophages that activates a variety of immune defense mechanisms by interactions with polymorphonuclear leukocytes, T cells, antibody-producing B lymphocytes, fibroblasts, and hematopoietic bone marrow cells. Activity is not species-specific. Induces apoptosis in human blood and bone marrow neutrophils and in endothelial cells. Increases the iNOS levels in vascular smooth muscle cells. Involved in pathophysiological processes of several chronic and acute diseases. Stimulates stress activated protein kinase (SAPK).