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The 11/EZH2 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to the methyltransferase, EZH2 (Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2). EZH2 is a human homologue of Drosophila's Enhancer of zeste gene, an important regulator of homeobox gene expression. The EZH2 protein has a predicted molecular weight of ∼85 kDa. EZH2 is a member of the Polycomb group (PcG) of proteins that are essential for the maintenance, but not initiation, of the transcriptionally repressed state of certain developmental genes. PcG proteins are a structurally diverse group of proteins with conserved functions from fly to human cells. PcG family proteins form multimeric complexes that regulate the expression of genes involved in cell cycle, DNA repair and differentiation. Specifically, EZH2 is a core enzymatic component of PRC2 (polycomb repressive complex 2). EZH2 is expressed in some lymph node follicular T cells and B cells. Thymocytes differentially express EZH2 at various stages during T-cell maturation. EZH2 interacts with multiple signaling proteins, including Vav, that are involved in lymphocyte development and activation. It is highly expressed in a variety of tumors including lymphomas as well as breast and prostate cancers. EZH2 is important in the self renewal and proliferation of numerous stem cell types including fetal hematopoietic stem cells, muscle satellite cells, hepatic stem/progenitor cells, neural stem cells, basal cell progenitors in the developing epidermis, embryonic stem cells, and some cancer stem cells.
