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First described as an 80kDa protein concentrated in the apical cytoskeletal region of intestinal brush border cells, ezrin is now recognized as a major substrate of protein tyrosine kinases, such as the epidermal growth factor (EGF) tyrosine kinase. Ezrin is expressed at high levels in intestine, kidney, and placenta. In placenta, ezrin is present as monomers and non-covalent oligomers in tight association with actin microfilaments. In the human epidermoid carcinoma cell line A431, microvilli-like structures appear within 30 seconds after the addition of EGF. These structures give way to membrane ruffles after 2-5 minutes, followed by cell rounding after 10-20 minutes. At the same time, ezrin is recruited into these structures and oligomers are formed following its tyrosine phosphorylation. It is thought that tyrosine phosphorylation triggers the formation of ezrin oligomers.
