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The 259D/C7 antibody reacts with the human FoxP3 transcription factor, a member of the forkhead or winged helix family of transcription factors. The expression of FoxP3, also known as Scurfin, IPEX and JM2, has been found to be associated with CD4 regulatory T cells and represents a specific marker for these cells. Flow-cytometric analysis has shown that FoxP3 is expressed by the majority of CD4 CD25 high T cells in peripheral blood while less than half of CD4 CD25int cell population are FoxP3 positive. Approximately 5-10% of peripheral CD4 cells are CD4 CD25 T regulatory cells. T regulatory cells are thought to play a critical role in the control of T cell mediated autoimmunity by suppressing the proliferation and cytokine production of other T cells. To support this hypothesis, it has been found that FOXP3 is mutated in scurfy (sf) mice. The 259D/C7 antibody reacts with all currently identified isoforms of human FoxP3 and is cross-reactive with Cynomolgus, Rhesus and Baboon.
