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Stat (Signal transducer and activators of transcription) proteins are critical mediators of the biologic activity of cytokines, including interleukins, interferons, erythropoietin, and growth factors. Ligand-receptor interaction leads to activation of constitutively associated JAK family kinases and subsequent recruitment/activation of Stat proteins by tyrosine phosphorylation. Active Stat proteins then move to the nucleus to promote transcription of cytokine-inducible genes. Seven Stat proteins have been cloned, each of which is differentially expressed and/or activated in a cytokine-specific and cell type-specific manner. Stat1 and Stat2 are components of the ISGF3 (Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3) complex, which is the primary transcription activator induced by the binding of the interferon to a specific cell-surface receptor. Stat1 has two alternatively spliced isoforms, 91kDa Stat1α and 84kDa Stat1β; Stat1α has 38 additional C-terminal amino acids. In response to the binding of IFNα, IFNγ, EGF, PDGF, or CSF-1 to their respective receptors, the Stat1 subunits become tyrosine-phosphorylated at Y701, and the complex is translocated to the nucleus. This results in the formation of an active complex that includes the DNA-binding p48 subunit. This complex is responsible for modulating the transcription of the interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Thus, phosphorylation of Y701 in Stat1 occurs in response to growth factors and cytokines, and is essential for normal transcriptional activity of the ISGF3 complex.Host Species: MouseClone: 1Isotype: IgG1Species Reactivity: HumanImmunogen: Human Stat1 aa. 1-194Formula Weight [Chemical]: 91/84kDaImmunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blotting
